Due to historical dynamics, a growing population of Muslim confession is settling in Europe gradually turning Islam into a European reality. This anchoring leaves local populations, governments and all social actors (political parties, NGOs, media) faced with several challenges. This publication brings together all the contributions presented at the international conference on "Teaching about religion, religious education and training of Muslim religious leaders" organized in Strasbourg by the Council of the Moroccan Community Abroad, under the patronage of the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Away from controversy, which too often surrounds the debate on Islam and Muslims in Europe, this book combines scientific rigor, the testimonies of the players in the field and the views of public authorities.